Surface Electromyographic Analysis of the Low Back Muscles During Rehabilitation Exercises
The aim of this study was to analyze the longissimus thoracis and lumbar multifidi muscle activity during exercises used in back rehabilitation programs. EMG analysis of exercises was used to measure muscle activation to give a clearer idea of the effect the exercises have on these muscles for stabilisation, endurance, or strength training.
Bilateral surface EMG analysis of the longissimus thoracis and lumbar multifidi was carried out on 3 different groups whilst they performed a range of exercises commonly used in low back rehabilitation programs. In total there were 89 subjects. All EMG data during exercises was normalised to a percent of the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC).
Prone lumbar extension to end range against resistance produced the most activity in these two muscle groups (mean SD 92%± 12%). Prone lumbar extension to neutral, resisted lumbar extension while sitting, and prone extension with the upper and lower extremities lifted (Superman exercise) produced lower EMG amplitudes (77% ± 13% to 82% ± 12% MVIC). Bridging exercises, the side-bridge exercise, and upper and lower extremity raises (superman exercise) in either the prone or quadruped positions produced much lower activity (less than 50% MVIC).
These findings may be helpful in assisting physical therapists in selecting exercises to progress a patient from low-intensity to those that require more muscle activity.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2008;38(12):736-745.
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