What is scoliosis?
Scoliosis is a sideways curving of the spine that can often result in an 'S' shape or 'C' shape curve in the spine.The curve is usually in the Thoracic or Lumbar regions of the spine. Scoliosis can either be congenital, meaning present from birth, or idiopathic, meaning it develops over time as a result of another condition such as cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy.
Idiopathic scoliosis can also develop as a result of a muscular imbalance caused by either physical trauma following an accident or by one sided activities such as throwing or racket sports. Children can develop scoliosis through carrying heavy bags on one shoulder all day at school.
Scoliosis is not always obvious is minor cases. If you run the fingers down the spine either side of the vertebrae they will leave two red lines. It is often easier to see the curving of the spine in these red lines.
What are the symptoms?
- One shoulder raised higher than the other
- A more prominant shoulder blade on one side (thoracic scoliosis)
- Leaning to one side - head not centred directly over the pelvis
- Clothes not hanging properly
- Back pain (not always present)
If scoliosis is suspected you should visit your Doctor who will refer you for an x-ray to diagnose the condition.
What are the treatment options for Scoliosis?
Scoliosis treatment varies from person to person, depending on how severe the curvature is and how much growing they have left to do. If the condition is not severe, it will normally just be observed (especially in adolescents who are still growing) with regular x-rays, to make sure it does not get worse. Sometimes growth can correct the problem altogether.
In more severe cases a brace can be worn, which will stop the curve from getting any worse, although will not correct the problem. Often these braces must be worn for up to 23 hours a day, although they are lightweight and can be worn under clothing.
In the most severe of cases, spinal fusion surgery may be required. This can help reduce the curvature, relieve back pain and prevent damage to the heart and lungs.
There are other options which are also available to help ease back pain and reduce the deformity in mild to moderate cases. These include physiotherapy, reflexology, spinal manipulation, acupuncture.
Strengthening and stretching exercises, as well as deep tissue massage can help scoliosis which is caused by muscular imbalances
How can you prevent Scoliosis in young people?
- Avoid carrying heavy bags on one shoulder. Get a rucksack type bag and wear it properly or regularly alternate carrying arms and shoulders
- If you are a one sided sports person e.g. Javelin thrower, hurdler or tennis player, at the end of each practice make sure you throw a few times with your wrong arm or hit a few balls with the other arm. Get into the habit - it will be worth it in the long run
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